[ad_1] Introduction: Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an essential tool for conserving marine biodiversity and protecting ecosystems. However, the governance of MPAs in areas beyond national jurisdiction presents unique challenges due to the lack of…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are essential tools for conserving marine biodiversity and ecosystems. With the increasing threats posed by climate change, designing MPAs that are resilient to these changes is becoming more important…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Coastal water quality is an important aspect of environmental health, as it directly impacts the wellbeing of aquatic ecosystems and human populations that rely on these resources. With increasing urbanization and industrialization along…
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[ad_1] Introduction Ocean acidification is a rapidly growing environmental issue stemming from the increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide being absorbed by the world’s oceans. This process leads to a decrease in pH levels, resulting…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine invasive species pose a significant threat to marine ecosystems, biodiversity, and human activities. Early detection of these invasive species is crucial for effective management and mitigation of their impacts. Various methods and…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coral reefs are one of the most diverse and productive ecosystems on Earth, providing a habitat for a wide variety of marine species. However, coral reefs are facing increasing threats from climate change,…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine ecosystems provide a wide range of services that are crucial for both human well-being and the health of the planet. However, these ecosystems also generate a number of disservices that can have…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal ecosystems play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle by sequestering and storing large amounts of carbon. Rocky shore ecosystems are particularly important in this regard, as they are highly productive…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine protected areas (MPAs) have been established worldwide to conserve marine biodiversity and sustainably manage marine resources. These protected areas have shown to provide numerous benefits for artisanal fisheries, which are small-scale, traditional…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that attach to surfaces in aquatic environments, forming a thin layer of organic material known as a biofilm. These biofilms play crucial roles in marine ecosystems,…
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