[ad_1] Introduction Marine protected areas (MPAs) are designated areas in oceans and seas where human activities are regulated in order to conserve marine ecosystems and biodiversity. Enforcement of regulations within MPAs is crucial for their…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Marine genetic connectivity patterns refer to the movement and exchange of genetic material between populations of marine organisms. Understanding these patterns is essential for conservation efforts, management strategies, and the overall health of…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal habitats are vital ecosystems that provide numerous services, such as nursery grounds for marine species, protection from storms, and recreational opportunities for humans. However, these habitats are under increasing pressure from human…
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[ad_1] Introduction Seaweed farming has become increasingly popular in recent years due to its numerous benefits, such as providing food, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels. However, like any form of agriculture, seaweed farming also has its environmental…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine citizen science programs have gained popularity in recent years as a way to engage the public in collecting data on marine ecosystems. These programs have the potential to improve scientific knowledge, increase…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal hypoxia, the condition of low oxygen levels in coastal waters, has become a growing environmental concern globally. This phenomenon is primarily caused by human activities such as nutrient runoff from agricultural practices…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine microbial diversity is a vast and complex field that involves studying the various types of microorganisms that inhabit the marine environment, as well as their functions and interactions within this ecosystem. These…
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[ad_1] Introduction Sea ice plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth’s climate by reflecting sunlight, influencing ocean circulation patterns, and serving as a habitat for various species. In recent decades, sea ice dynamics have…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal blue carbon ecosystems, including mangroves, salt marshes, and seagrasses, play a critical role in sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and mitigating climate change. These ecosystems are among the most productive and…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have gained recognition as crucial tools for conserving marine biodiversity and protecting important marine habitats. The design of MPA networks plays a significant role in achieving conservation goals and…
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