[ad_1] Introduction Marine protected areas (MPAs) are designated areas set aside to conserve marine ecosystems and biodiversity. They play a crucial role in safeguarding marine resources, protecting vulnerable marine species, and preserving the health and…
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[ad_1] Introduction Sea cucumber fisheries play a crucial role in the economic and social well-being of many coastal communities around the world. However, unsustainable fishing practices have led to the decline of sea cucumber populations…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Marine biofouling is a major issue that impacts the efficiency of ships worldwide. Biofouling refers to the accumulation of various organisms such as algae, barnacles, and mussels on the hulls of ships. This…
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[ad_1] Introduction Sea ice ecosystems are unique and highly dynamic environments that play a crucial role in the global climate system. These ecosystems are home to a wide variety of organisms, from microscopic algae to…
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[ad_1] Introduction The marine ecosystem provides a wide range of services that are essential for human well-being, including food provision, coastal protection, carbon sequestration, and recreational opportunities. However, the complexity of these ecosystems makes it…
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[ad_1] Introduction Deep-sea ecosystems are one of the most understudied and yet crucial components of our planet’s biodiversity. Submarine canyons are particularly important features in these ecosystems, as they serve as hotspots for biodiversity and…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine organisms are constantly exposed to changing environmental conditions, including fluctuations in wave exposure. Waves play a critical role in shaping the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems by influencing the distribution and…
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[ad_1] Introduction Plastic pollution in the ocean has become a global environmental crisis, with harmful impacts on marine ecosystems, wildlife, and human health. The degradation rates of ocean plastic pollution are crucial in understanding the…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine ornamental trade refers to the extraction and collection of marine species for the purpose of trade in aquariums, fish tanks, and other ornamental displays. This industry has grown significantly over the past…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal blue carbon ecosystems, including salt marshes, seagrass meadows, and mangroves, are recognized for their significant capacity to sequester and store carbon. These ecosystems play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by…
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