[ad_1] Introduction Fibrosis is a common pathological process that occurs in many chronic diseases, such as liver cirrhosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and systemic sclerosis. It is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, leading…
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[ad_1] Introduction The presence of comorbidities, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases or conditions in a patient, has been shown to significantly impact the efficacy of drug treatments. Comorbidities can alter…
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[ad_1] Introduction Drug formulations play a crucial role in determining the pharmacokinetics of a drug, which in turn determines its efficacy and safety in patients. The way a drug is formulated can impact its absorption,…
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[ad_1] Introduction Membrane transporters play a crucial role in drug resistance, a major challenge in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer and infectious diseases. Drug resistance occurs when cells develop mechanisms to evade…
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[ad_1] Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucial players in signal transduction, regulating a wide variety of physiological processes. Recent studies have shown that GPCRs can form oligomeric complexes, which can influence their function and…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication by transferring bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. In recent years, exosomes have gained significant attention as…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. It affects millions of people worldwide and has a significant impact on their quality of life.…
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[ad_1] Introduction: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been steadily increasing worldwide, posing a significant public health concern. These metabolic disorders are closely linked and share common underlying pathophysiological…
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[ad_1] Introduction In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the need for a more comprehensive approach to drug development in pediatric populations. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models have emerged as a valuable…
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[ad_1] Introduction Drug efficacy and mechanisms of action are critical aspects of pharmacology and are essential for understanding the effects of drugs on the human body. The efficacy of a drug refers to its ability…
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