[ad_1] Introduction Marine protected areas (MPAs) have been established worldwide to conserve marine ecosystems, preserve biodiversity, and sustainably manage fisheries. While the ecological impacts of MPAs have been well studied, their socioeconomic impacts have received…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine ecosystems are vital for supporting life on Earth, providing a range of ecological, economic, and social benefits. However, these ecosystems are facing unprecedented challenges due to climate change, which is leading to…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal groundwater discharge is a critical process that plays a significant role in the function and health of marine ecosystems. It involves the movement of groundwater from land to sea, carrying with it…
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[ad_1] Introduction Deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems are unique and diverse habitats that are fueled by chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis. These ecosystems are found in areas where there is little to no sunlight, such as hydrothermal vents,…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine spatial planning (MSP) is a process that guides where and when human activities occur in the marine environment to achieve ecological, economic, and social objectives. As human activities in the marine environment…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine biodiversity genomics is a field of study that combines the disciplines of marine biology and genomics to explore the genetic diversity of marine organisms. This emerging field has gained significant attention in…
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[ad_1] Introduction Sea level rise is a critical issue facing coastal communities around the world. The impacts of rising sea levels are already being felt in many regions, with increased flooding, erosion, and saltwater intrusion…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine organisms are constantly exposed to a variety of stressors in their environment, including but not limited to pollution, climate change, habitat destruction, and overfishing. The ability of these organisms to respond to…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal wetlands are vital ecosystems that provide a wide range of ecological services such as habitat for wildlife, flood protection, water filtration, and carbon sequestration. However, these ecosystems are under threat due to…
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[ad_1] Introduction Ocean acidification is a pressing environmental issue that is a result of the increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. The absorption of CO2 by the oceans leads to a decrease…
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