[ad_1] Introduction: Coral reefs are among the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth, providing habitat for a wide variety of marine species, including coral reef fish. These fish play a crucial role in the functioning and…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Marine organisms are faced with numerous environmental stressors, including increased levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation due to various factors such as climate change and ozone depletion. UV radiation is known to have detrimental…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine ecosystems are facing increasing threats from climate change, including the occurrence of marine heatwaves. Marine heatwaves are periods of anomalously warm ocean temperatures that can have devastating effects on marine biodiversity and…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal water quality is a vital issue for the health of both the marine ecosystem and human populations that rely on coastal resources for their livelihoods. Over the years, coastal waters have become…
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[ad_1] Introduction The oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are regions in the ocean characterized by low levels of dissolved oxygen, typically located in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones. These OMZs have been shown to play a…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine ecosystems provide a wide range of services that are essential for human well-being, including food provision, coastal protection, and climate regulation. However, the increasing demand for these services has led to trade-offs…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal ecosystems play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle by storing large amounts of carbon in their soils and vegetation. However, these ecosystems are under threat from human activities, such as…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been established worldwide to conserve marine ecosystems and protect marine biodiversity. These designated areas aim to minimize human impacts, such as overfishing and habitat destruction, by restricting certain…
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[ad_1] Introduction The world’s oceans are vital for sustaining life on Earth, providing a home to a diverse range of marine organisms, including many important fisheries species. However, in recent years, there has been growing…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine biofouling is the accumulation of marine organisms on submerged surfaces, which can have detrimental effects on maritime structures and equipment. The dynamics of biofouling communities play a crucial role in shaping the…
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