[ad_1] Introduction Coastal water quality is a vital issue for the health of both the marine ecosystem and human populations that rely on coastal resources for their livelihoods. Over the years, coastal waters have become…
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[ad_1] Introduction The oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are regions in the ocean characterized by low levels of dissolved oxygen, typically located in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones. These OMZs have been shown to play a…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been established worldwide to conserve marine ecosystems and protect marine biodiversity. These designated areas aim to minimize human impacts, such as overfishing and habitat destruction, by restricting certain…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine biofouling is the accumulation of marine organisms on submerged surfaces, which can have detrimental effects on maritime structures and equipment. The dynamics of biofouling communities play a crucial role in shaping the…
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[ad_1] Introduction Sea ice-dependent species are those marine animals that rely on sea ice for various aspects of their life cycle, including breeding, feeding, and shelter. These species are particularly vulnerable to climate change, as…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coral reefs are one of the most diverse and productive ecosystems on the planet, providing a wide range of ecosystem services that support millions of people around the world. However, these important ecosystems…
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[ad_1] Introduction: The deep-sea, defined as the area of the ocean below 200 meters where light does not penetrate, is one of the most mysterious and least explored ecosystems on Earth. Despite its remoteness and…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine organisms are currently facing unprecedented challenges due to the rapidly changing climate. Climate change, driven primarily by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, has led to rising…
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[ad_1] Introduction Seagrass ecosystems are vital coastal habitats that provide a wide range of ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration, habitat provision, shoreline stabilization, and nutrient cycling. Despite their importance, seagrass ecosystems are under threat from…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine spatial planning (MSP) is a process that guides when and where human activities occur in the marine environment to achieve ecological, economic, and social objectives. It involves the systematic analysis of marine…
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