[ad_1] Introduction Endocrine disorders are medical conditions that result from dysfunction in the body’s endocrine system, which is responsible for producing and regulating hormones. Drug-induced endocrine disorders occur when medications disrupt the normal functioning of…
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[ad_1] Introduction: The human gut microbiota has gained increasing attention in recent years due to its important role in maintaining human health and disease. The gut microbiota is composed of trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria,…
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[ad_1] Introduction Anticholinergic drugs are a class of medications that inhibit the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in various physiological processes in the body. These drugs are commonly used in…
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[ad_1] Introduction The development of brain-targeted drug delivery systems has gained significant attention in recent years due to the challenges of effectively treating central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical…
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[ad_1] Introduction Pharmacokinetics plays a crucial role in determining the dose adjustments of drugs in individuals based on their physiological and pathological characteristics. It involves the study of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of…
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[ad_1] Introduction Chronic liver disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting millions of individuals each year. One of the major complications of chronic liver disease is its impact on drug metabolism.…
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[ad_1] Introduction Development of tissue-specific drug delivery is an emerging field in pharmaceutical research that aims to improve the efficacy and safety of drug therapies by targeting specific tissues or organs. This approach can minimize…
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[ad_1] Introduction In the field of drug discovery, pharmacodynamics plays a crucial role in understanding how drugs interact with the body in order to produce therapeutic effects. Pharmacodynamics is the study of the biochemical and…
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[ad_1] Introduction Pharmacokinetics is the study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body. Ocular drug delivery is a specialized field within pharmacokinetics that focuses on delivering drugs to the eye…
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[ad_1] Introduction The use of medications to treat various medical conditions is a common practice in healthcare. However, the administration of certain drugs can result in adverse effects on the vascular system, leading to drug-induced…
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