[ad_1] Introduction Photobiology is the study of the interactions between light and living organisms. Photosensitization processes are a key aspect of photobiology, involving the generation of reactive oxygen species in cells or tissues upon exposure…
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[ad_1] Introduction Molecular chaperones are a class of proteins that play a crucial role in cellular proteostasis, which is the maintenance of protein homeostasis within the cell. The proteostasis network consists of various cellular pathways…
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[ad_1] Introduction The field of epigenetics has gained significant attention in recent years due to its role in regulating gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and…
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[ad_1] Introduction The field of proteomics has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, with targeted proteomics emerging as a powerful tool for biomarker validation. By focusing on specific subsets of proteins, targeted proteomics offers improved…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the unique ability to differentiate into specialized cell types. This process of differentiation is tightly regulated by various biochemical pathways, which play a crucial role in determining…
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[ad_1] Introduction Bioenergetics is the study of how living organisms acquire and utilize energy to carry out their various cellular processes. Photosynthesis and respiration are two essential processes in bioenergetics, as they are responsible for…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Protein misfolding and aggregates in neurodegeneration have been widely recognized as key factors in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s. The abnormal folding of proteins can lead…
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[ad_1] Introduction Bacterial toxins are potent virulence factors produced by various pathogenic bacteria that play a critical role in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections. These toxins are molecular machines that can manipulate host cell physiology,…
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[ad_1] Introduction The immune system plays a crucial role in protecting the body against pathogens and foreign invaders. Immune recognition is the process by which the immune system identifies and responds to these threats. Understanding…
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[ad_1] Introduction Inflammation is a complex biological response of the body to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. It is a crucial component of the immune response that helps to eliminate the…
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