[ad_1] Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health concern worldwide, affecting millions of people and posing significant challenges for healthcare systems. Metabolomics, the comprehensive study of small molecules in biological systems, has…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Protein SUMOylation is a post-translational modification that plays a crucial role in cellular stress response. SUMOylation involves the covalent attachment of Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) proteins to target proteins, leading to changes in…
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[ad_1] Introduction Carbohydrates play a crucial role in metabolic regulation, serving as the primary source of energy for cells and tissues in the body. The regulation of carbohydrate metabolism is essential for maintaining the balance…
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[ad_1] Introduction Oxidative stress is a significant contributor to various diseases and aging processes in the human body. Polyphenols, a class of bioactive compounds found abundantly in plant-based foods, have been widely studied for their…
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[ad_1] Introduction Enzymes play a crucial role in energy storage in living organisms by facilitating metabolic processes that convert nutrients into energy. Understanding the mechanisms by which enzymes regulate these processes is essential for advancing…
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[ad_1] Introduction Toxins are substances that can cause harm to living organisms by interfering with normal physiological processes. The biochemical effects of toxins on metabolic pathways have been widely studied, as they can have profound…
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[ad_1] Introduction Cellular communication is a vital process in the functioning of living organisms, enabling cells to coordinate and respond to various stimuli. Lipids, a diverse group of molecules that includes fats, oils, and cholesterol,…
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[ad_1] Introduction Enzymes are biological catalysts that play a crucial role in regulating chemical reactions within cells. Enzyme activity is tightly controlled by a variety of mechanisms to ensure optimal functioning of metabolic pathways. Understanding…
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[ad_1] Introduction Enzymes play a crucial role in various biological processes, including detoxification. Detoxification is the process by which harmful substances, such as toxins and drugs, are transformed and eliminated from the body. Enzymes facilitate…
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[ad_1] Introduction Antioxidants play a crucial role in cellular repair by protecting cells from damage caused by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can lead to various diseases and conditions, such as cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders.…
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