[ad_1] Introduction Fibrosis is a common pathological process that occurs in many chronic diseases, such as liver cirrhosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and systemic sclerosis. It is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, leading…
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[ad_1] Introduction The presence of comorbidities, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases or conditions in a patient, has been shown to significantly impact the efficacy of drug treatments. Comorbidities can alter…
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[ad_1] Introduction Pharmacodynamics is the study of how drugs exert their effects on the body, including the mechanisms of action, therapeutic and toxic effects, and the relationship between drug concentration and response. Lipid-lowering drugs are…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Drug-induced immunotoxicity refers to the adverse effects that certain medications can have on the immune system of an individual. These effects can range from mild allergies to severe autoimmune diseases, and can be…
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[ad_1] Introduction Muscle toxicity induced by drugs is a significant concern in the field of pharmacology and medicine. The adverse effects of drugs on skeletal muscles can lead to serious complications, including rhabdomyolysis, myopathy, and…
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[ad_1] Introduction Membrane transporters play a crucial role in drug resistance, a major challenge in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer and infectious diseases. Drug resistance occurs when cells develop mechanisms to evade…
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[ad_1] Introduction Neuropsychiatric conditions, which encompass a range of disorders affecting the brain and nervous system, are a significant public health concern worldwide. These conditions, including but not limited to depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and bipolar…
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[ad_1] Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucial players in signal transduction, regulating a wide variety of physiological processes. Recent studies have shown that GPCRs can form oligomeric complexes, which can influence their function and…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. It affects millions of people worldwide and has a significant impact on their quality of life.…
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[ad_1] Introduction: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been steadily increasing worldwide, posing a significant public health concern. These metabolic disorders are closely linked and share common underlying pathophysiological…
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