[ad_1] Introduction Neuroinflammation is a complex biological response involving activation of glial cells and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system. It is believed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis…
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[ad_1] Introduction Obesity has become a global epidemic, with increasing prevalence in both developed and developing countries. It is a major risk factor for various chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and…
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[ad_1] Introduction Infectious diseases continue to be a significant public health concern worldwide, with millions of deaths each year attributed to various pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The emergence of drug-resistant strains…
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[ad_1] Introduction Cholesterol-lowering drugs, also known as statins, are commonly prescribed medications that help lower cholesterol levels in the blood. High levels of cholesterol can lead to serious health conditions such as heart disease, stroke,…
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[ad_1] Introduction Genetic mutations play a significant role in individual variability in drug response. Understanding the impact of these genetic variations is crucial in personalized medicine to ensure the most effective treatment for each patient.…
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[ad_1] Introduction Pharmacodynamics is the study of how a drug affects the body, including the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacogenetics. Pain medications are commonly used to alleviate pain and improve quality of life for…
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[ad_1] Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract that encompasses both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. These conditions are characterized by inflammation, ulceration, and damage to the lining…
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[ad_1] Introduction Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising approach in regenerative medicine, with the potential to treat a wide range of diseases and injuries. Pharmacology plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficacy…
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[ad_1] Introduction The development of drugs for viral infections has been a critical area of research in the field of medicine. Viral infections pose significant challenges to public health, as they can be highly contagious…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in the successful treatment of various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases. One of the mechanisms underlying MDR is the overexpression of drug efflux transporters, which…
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