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Introduction

Marine biodiversity is critical for maintaining healthy ecosystems and providing various ecosystem services that are essential for human well-being. However, monitoring marine biodiversity can be challenging due to the vast and dynamic nature of marine environments. Traditional methods of monitoring marine biodiversity, such as underwater visual surveys and net sampling, are time-consuming, costly, and may not provide a comprehensive understanding of biodiversity patterns.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has emerged as a promising tool for monitoring biodiversity in aquatic environments. eDNA refers to the DNA shed by organisms into their surrounding environment, which can be extracted and analyzed to identify the presence of species without the need for direct observation. This non-invasive and cost-effective approach has been increasingly used in freshwater ecosystems and shows great potential for monitoring marine biodiversity.

This thesis aims to investigate the use of eDNA for monitoring marine biodiversity, with a focus on its application in the context of conservation and management. The research will explore the potential of eDNA metabarcoding as a tool for assessing marine biodiversity patterns, identifying keystone species, and monitoring changes in marine ecosystems over time.

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of study
1.3 Problem Statement
1.4 Objective of study
1.5 Limitation of study
1.6 Scope of study
1.7 Significance of study
1.8 Structure of the Thesis
1.9 Definition of terms

Chapter 2: Literature Review

2.1 eDNA metabarcoding: principles and applications
2.2 Advantages and limitations of eDNA for marine biodiversity monitoring
2.3 Comparison of eDNA with traditional monitoring methods
2.4 Case studies of eDNA applications in marine biodiversity monitoring
2.5 Factors influencing eDNA detection in marine environments
2.6 Current challenges and future directions in eDNA research
2.7 Regulatory and ethical considerations in eDNA sampling
2.8 Potential synergies with other monitoring techniques
2.9 Key gaps in existing literature
2.10 Summary of key findings

Chapter 3: Research Methodology

3.1 Study area and sampling design
3.2 eDNA sample collection and processing
3.3 DNA extraction and metabarcoding analysis
3.4 Data validation and quality control
3.5 Statistical analysis of eDNA data
3.6 Comparison with traditional monitoring data
3.7 Integration of eDNA results with other ecological data
3.8 Stakeholder engagement and communication
3.9 Ethical considerations in research
3.10 Timeline of research activities

Chapter 4: Discussion of Findings

4.1 Overview of eDNA metabarcoding results
4.2 Biodiversity patterns identified through eDNA analysis
4.3 Comparison with traditional monitoring data
4.4 Implications for marine conservation and management
4.5 Potential applications in monitoring ecosystem health
4.6 Recommendations for future research and monitoring programs
4.7 Opportunities for collaboration with stakeholders
4.8 Challenges and limitations of eDNA for marine biodiversity monitoring

Chapter 5: Conclusion

5.1 Summary of key findings
5.2 Implications for marine biodiversity monitoring
5.3 Contributions to the field of eDNA research
5.4 Recommendations for future research directions
5.5 Concluding remarks

Thesis Overview

The use of environmental DNA (eDNA) for monitoring marine biodiversity is a growing field that holds great promise for conservation and management efforts. This thesis aims to investigate the utility of eDNA metabarcoding in assessing marine biodiversity patterns and monitoring changes in marine ecosystems over time. The research will focus on the application of eDNA for identifying key species, detecting biodiversity hotspots, and assessing the health of marine ecosystems.

Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the study, including the background, problem statement, objectives, limitations, scope, significance, and structure of the thesis. Chapter 2 presents a comprehensive literature review on eDNA metabarcoding, highlighting its principles, advantages, limitations, applications, challenges, and future directions. Chapter 3 outlines the research methodology, including study design, sampling procedures, DNA extraction and analysis, data validation, statistical analysis, and stakeholder engagement.

Chapter 4 discusses the findings of the research, presenting the results of eDNA metabarcoding analysis, biodiversity patterns identified, comparisons with traditional monitoring data, implications for conservation and management, recommendations for future research, opportunities for collaboration, and challenges faced. Chapter 5 concludes the thesis, summarizing key findings, discussing the implications for marine biodiversity monitoring, highlighting contributions to the field, providing recommendations for future research, and concluding with final remarks.

Overall, this thesis aims to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on eDNA metabarcoding and its potential for revolutionizing marine biodiversity monitoring. By combining cutting-edge molecular techniques with traditional ecological methods, this research seeks to enhance our understanding of marine ecosystems and support evidence-based conservation and management strategies.

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