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Introduction

Protein prenylation is a post-translational modification process that involves the addition of lipid groups, such as farnesyl or geranylgeranyl, to specific cysteine residues of target proteins. This modification plays a crucial role in the regulation of various cellular processes, including signal transduction, protein trafficking, and membrane association. Dysregulation of protein prenylation has been linked to a variety of human diseases, making it an important area of study in molecular biology and pharmacology.

This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms involved in protein prenylation, including the enzymes and substrates involved, the biological functions of prenylated proteins, and the potential therapeutic implications of targeting this pathway. By understanding the intricacies of protein prenylation, researchers can develop novel strategies for the treatment of diseases associated with prenylation defects, such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of Study
1.3 Problem Statement
1.4 Objective of Study
1.5 Limitation of Study
1.6 Scope of Study
1.7 Significance of Study
1.8 Structure of the Thesis
1.9 Definition of Terms

Chapter 2: Literature Review
2.1 Historical perspective on protein prenylation
2.2 Enzymes involved in protein prenylation
2.3 Substrates of protein prenylation
2.4 Biological functions of prenylated proteins
2.5 Regulation of protein prenylation
2.6 Diseases associated with prenylation defects
2.7 Therapeutic targeting of prenylation pathways
2.8 Current research and future directions in the field
2.9 Gaps in knowledge and areas for further investigation

Chapter 3: Research Methodology
3.1 Experimental design
3.2 Selection of cell lines/models
3.3 Prenylation inhibitors and substrates
3.4 Cell culture techniques
3.5 Protein extraction and analysis
3.6 Mass spectrometry analysis
3.7 Bioinformatics and data analysis
3.8 Statistical methods

Chapter 4: Discussion of Findings
4.1 Analysis of prenylation status in different cell lines/models
4.2 Impact of prenylation inhibitors on cellular functions
4.3 Identification of novel prenylated proteins
4.4 Comparison of farnesylation and geranylgeranylation pathways
4.5 Implications for disease research and therapeutic development

Chapter 5: Conclusion and Summary
5.1 Summary of key findings
5.2 Implications for future research
5.3 Limitations of the study
5.4 Concluding remarks and recommendations

This thesis will provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of protein prenylation, from the enzymes involved in the process to the potential therapeutic applications of targeting this pathway. By elucidating the intricacies of protein prenylation, this research aims to contribute to our understanding of cellular biology and pave the way for new treatment strategies for a range of human diseases.

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