[ad_1] Introduction Antipsychotic medications are a class of drugs used to treat various psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and severe depression. These medications work by altering the brain’s chemical signaling pathways, specifically targeting…
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[ad_1] Introduction Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is a major concern in the field of pharmacology and medicine. Hepatotoxicity refers to liver damage caused by the ingestion of medications or other substances. It is a significant cause of…
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[ad_1] Introduction The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable barrier that separates the circulating blood from the brain extracellular fluid in the central nervous system. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the…
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[ad_1] **Introduction** Biologic therapies have revolutionized the treatment of various chronic diseases, offering new hope for patients with conditions such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases. However, the high cost of biologic drugs has…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Pharmacogenomics is the study of how an individual’s genetic makeup influences their response to drugs. In the field of cardiovascular medicine, pharmacogenomics plays a crucial role in determining the efficacy and safety of…
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[ad_1] Introduction Polypharmacy, the concurrent use of multiple medications, is common among older adults and those with chronic health conditions. While polypharmacy can be necessary to manage multiple health conditions, it can also increase the…
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[ad_1] Introduction The use of immunosuppressive agents plays a crucial role in the field of organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. Pharmacodynamics is the scientific study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs on the…
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[ad_1] Introduction The development of novel drug delivery systems has been a major focus in the pharmaceutical industry, with the goal of improving drug efficacy, reducing side effects, and enhancing patient compliance. Traditional drug delivery…
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[ad_1] Introduction Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 9.6 million deaths attributed to the disease in 2018 (World Health Organization, 2018). Cancer therapy, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, has…
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[ad_1] Introduction Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass, deterioration of bone tissue, and an increased risk of fractures. It is a significant public health concern, particularly among the elderly population,…
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