[ad_1] Introduction Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a significant challenge in the treatment of bacterial infections, as it leads to the failure of antibiotic therapy and results in increased morbidity and mortality rates. Efflux pumps are…
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[ad_1] Introduction Obesity is a growing epidemic worldwide, with significant implications for health outcomes and healthcare costs. It is well established that obesity is associated with a higher risk of developing various chronic diseases such…
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[ad_1] Introduction Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with millions of individuals succumbing to this devastating disease each year. Traditional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy have long been…
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[ad_1] Introduction Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a significant clinical problem that can lead to acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. The mechanisms underlying drug-induced nephrotoxicity are complex and multifactorial, involving a variety of cellular and…
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[ad_1] Introduction The Role of transporters in drug absorption is a critical aspect of pharmacology and pharmaceutical research. Transporters play a vital role in the process of drug absorption in the body, influencing the bioavailability…
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[ad_1] Introduction Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels resulting from either insufficient insulin production or inadequate response to insulin. It is a major public health concern worldwide, affecting millions…
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[ad_1] Introduction Polypharmacy, the concurrent use of multiple medications, is common among older adults and those with chronic health conditions. While polypharmacy can be necessary to manage multiple health conditions, it can also increase the…
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[ad_1] Introduction The development of novel drug delivery systems has been a major focus in the pharmaceutical industry, with the goal of improving drug efficacy, reducing side effects, and enhancing patient compliance. Traditional drug delivery…
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[ad_1] Introduction Cytochrome P450 enzymes play a crucial role in drug metabolism, which is the process by which drugs are broken down and eliminated from the body. These enzymes are responsible for the biotransformation of…
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[ad_1] Introduction Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 9.6 million deaths attributed to the disease in 2018 (World Health Organization, 2018). Cancer therapy, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, has…
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