[ad_1] Introduction: Deep-sea sponge gardens are complex ecosystems found in the deep-sea environment, characterized by high diversity and abundance of sponge species. These sponge gardens provide important habitats for a wide range of associated biodiversity,…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an essential tool for the conservation and sustainable management of marine ecosystems. However, the design and implementation of an effective MPA network requires careful consideration of various factors,…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coastal groundwater discharge is a critical process that plays a significant role in shaping marine ecosystems. Groundwater flows from land to sea carrying nutrients, contaminants, and other substances that can have both positive…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Ocean mixing processes play a crucial role in the cycling of nutrients in the marine environment. Nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron are essential for the growth of phytoplankton, which forms the…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Marine chemical ecology is a scientific discipline that investigates the interactions between marine organisms and their chemical environment. This field explores how marine organisms produce and utilize chemical compounds for communication, defense, and…
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[ad_1] Introduction The growing demand for renewable energy sources has led to an increased interest in seaweed farming for biofuel production. Seaweed, also known as macroalgae, is a highly efficient biomass source for biofuel production…
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[ad_1] Introduction: Saltmarshes are highly productive coastal ecosystems that play a crucial role in carbon storage and sequestration. These habitats have the ability to capture and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, helping to mitigate…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine ecosystems play a crucial role in supporting biodiversity, providing resources for human consumption, and regulating the global climate. However, these ecosystems are facing increasing threats from various sources, including overfishing, pollution, habitat…
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[ad_1] Introduction Marine plankton play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, acting as primary producers that fix carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis. As such, they are integral in regulating the amount…
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[ad_1] Introduction Coral reefs are among the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth, providing habitat for countless marine species and serving as a vital resource for coastal communities. However, these fragile ecosystems are under…
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